Audio Interview, Larry Fine, February 9, 2013
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: This is Bruce Woolley representing
- the Shoulders To Stand On Committee of the Gay Alliance
- of the Genessee Valley.
- It's February 9, 2013, and I'm in Palm Springs.
- And I'm visiting with Larry Fine,
- who was one of the founders of the Gay Liberation
- Front on the River Campus more than forty years ago.
- Larry.
- LARRY FINE: OK.
- Why don't I begin by just saying a little bit about how
- I grew up and then how I got to Rochester.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Absolutely.
- LARRY FINE: I grew up on Long Island.
- I was born in 1950, and I grew up in an upper middle class
- Jewish household.
- And I had very strong interests in music and in science.
- I played the piano.
- I was the piano accompanist for the choir from sixth grade on,
- but I didn't really see a place for myself in music.
- But I wanted to continue my music studies at some point.
- And I developed a very strong interest in meteorology,
- whether it's instruments on the roof
- and all that kind of stuff.
- And my plan-- to the extent you can have a plan when you're
- in high school-- was that I would
- get a bachelor's in physics and then an advanced degree
- of some kind in meteorology.
- I was a straight-A student, an honor student and all that,
- and I took what they call--
- I don't know if they still have it today, but at that time
- they had something called early decision.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yep, absolutely.
- LARRY FINE: And it was determined somehow--
- I don't remember anymore how this was determined--
- but that University of Rochester was a perfect school for me.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Perfect-- all the background at the time,
- that's the kind of student--
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- And I remember going up there for an interview in the fall
- of 1967, I believe it would be.
- I think I probably went up there with my father.
- And I was interviewed by someone, an admissions officer,
- who I got along well with.
- He was interested in my interest in meteorology.
- He had actually served in the Navy,
- I think, and had been involved in some way with meteorology
- in the Navy actually.
- And, anyway, we got along well, and I was granted
- the early decision option.
- So I accepted that.
- I think it was probably around December or January.
- And that took care of my college decision.
- Of course, Rochester had the Eastman School of Music
- and my plan was to take piano lessons there,
- which I did for a while.
- Although I was no good at it at all compared to the others.
- I excelled in music in my own little milieu in high school.
- But once I got into the college setting,
- I was definitely at the bottom of the heap
- and really didn't do much with it there.
- That was one of the series of disappointments
- I had about myself and my future at Rochester
- and where my life plans, my well-laid plans from age
- seventeen, kind of disappeared.
- Do you want me to do something with the dog?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: No.
- LARRY FINE: Because he's going to be
- trying to get our attention.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: No, Gershwin is fine. (unintelligible).
- LARRY FINE: OK.
- Don't let him destroy your thing there.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: No, I've got copies of that.
- LARRY FINE: So, let's see.
- The summer before I went to Rochester
- I took some summer courses at Cornell.
- I think I took a summer course in Russian at Cornell--
- neither here nor there, but it was just my first taste
- of college life and being away.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And being away from home.
- LARRY FINE: Being away from home.
- Yeah.
- So at Rochester, I was a lonely kid.
- I didn't fit in anywhere.
- I wasn't the top guy in music anymore.
- In high school, I had had a group of friends interested
- in classical music, and we had a little club and all that.
- In Rochester, I was just a lonely kid, a freshman
- trying to figure things out.
- And although I knew I was gay, I didn't
- know that there were other people like me.
- Or I had only some distant idea there were
- some kind of misfits like me.
- But I had no idea there was any kind of community.
- I didn't even know the word "gay."
- I had never told anybody.
- And in fact, in high school, I had dated women just
- a little bit, but just enough to get by socially.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes.
- LARRY FINE: There was never any physical involvement,
- no nothing.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- I think that's also typical of the time period.
- LARRY FINE: But interestingly, there
- was one woman, who was a couple of years older than me
- in high school, who I fell in love with.
- It wasn't a sexual thing, but I fell in love with her.
- In fact, when I look back at my life,
- I see that I've probably been in love with women as often
- as with men, but there is just nothing sexual with the women.
- There's no desire to do anything like that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Just really, really nice people
- to whom you related very deeply.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, very deeply.
- Yes.
- And this one woman, Sue, we had a very close friendship.
- And we're actually still friends today,
- although we've gone up and down with that.
- And she's happily married, but is a good friend
- and a good supporter.
- But I was in love with her, and that gave my parents
- some hope that--
- because I think-- my mother tells me that many years
- earlier, when I was about ten or eleven,
- she had sent me to a shrink--
- and I recall that--
- to a psychiatrist, because I was having some problems.
- I don't know exactly what problems she saw me as having.
- I was a lonely kid.
- I wasn't playing with other kids.
- And he, on some basis--
- I don't know what--
- had told her that he thought that I would end up being gay.
- And I don't know how he saw that,
- but neither am I surprised or offended that a professional
- might be able to tell that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes, well it was clinically an illness
- at the time, before '74.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- But he saw something in my behavior,
- or what I talked about or didn't talk about,
- or whatever that led him to believe,
- based on his experience, that I might turn out to be gay.
- So when I fell in love with this girl,
- and she didn't want to be--
- I wanted to be physical with her, but not sexual.
- And I didn't really--
- I wanted to hold her close.
- She didn't want to do that with me.
- She was a couple years older.
- She was very pretty.
- She had boyfriends her own age.
- And she didn't want to do that with me.
- I felt spurned, and I was devastated.
- And I told my parents.
- I had to tell somebody.
- And I think they were secretly relieved,
- even though they didn't like that I was in pain about her.
- That eventually blew over.
- But anyway, I went to college.
- I just felt lost socially.
- And my freshman year, which was '68-'69, was somewhat
- of a bleak year for me.
- And I also had difficulty in physics.
- I found that I wasn't able to do very well in physics and math.
- Even though I loved the concepts,
- I was not able to solve the problems.
- And I think looking back on that, I think some of it
- was an inherent problem with my being able to do that,
- and some of it was just that because of my social problems
- and my feeling lonely that I was unable to concentrate and have
- confidence in myself in doing what I loved.
- And it affected everything else that I did.
- So by the end of my freshman year,
- the handwriting was on the wall that I
- was going to have to change majors from physics
- into something else.
- And the summer after my freshman year,
- I believe it was that summer--
- I don't remember exactly, but I think it was that summer.
- I took a summer course at the U of R, an Introduction
- to Psychology course, because I thought
- I might want to change majors in to psychology.
- And I wanted to take a summer course
- because I didn't want to mess up my requirements
- and so on by taking that during the rest of the year.
- There's a reason I'm talking about all this, by the way.
- It's not idle chatter.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, no, it gets it.
- And it all sounds, really--
- because I was there at the same time period,
- and I can assure you the U of R, especially at that time--
- It was an unhappy time in the country.
- And the U of R was not, and still really
- isn't, a warm and fuzzy place.
- So, yeah.
- LARRY FINE: Well, during my freshman year I was lonely.
- I should mention there were a couple of women
- who had an interest in me, and I was
- very lackluster about showing any interest in them.
- I knew it wasn't going to go anywhere
- I didn't want to mislead them and get myself
- into a tight spot.
- And I didn't know what to do.
- It's too bad because some of them
- were very nice people who could have been my friends, at least,
- and my allies.
- I mean there's so many opportunities for friendship
- I really didn't seize because of my confusion.
- And there was, by the way, as you mentioned,
- a lot of political turmoil going on over the Vietnam War
- at the time.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Absolutely.
- LARRY FINE: And I was not a very political person.
- I would classify myself as liberal.
- I grew up in a very liberal household.
- But the liberality that my household
- was involved in mostly had to do with things about civil rights.
- Say my father all his life worked
- for a Jewish civil rights organization called
- the American Jewish Committee.
- And in our town, and in our milieu, the civil rights--
- throughout the sixties, the mid-sixties, civil rights
- was a very big issue.
- And a number of us had gotten together,
- families had gotten together to further that cause and so on.
- The Vietnam War was more confusing,
- I think, even to liberals, about what to do about it.
- Looking back, I don't think I had any understanding
- or knowledge of it to really take
- a stance one way or the other in any reasoned way.
- But because I classified myself as a liberal,
- and that's who the people I ran with were,
- I was, quote unquote, "against the war."
- Not out of any real knowledge of history and the war
- or the reasons for or against it,
- but just as a matter of self-definition, I'd say.
- And I think that's true of a lot of people
- at that time, and even today, that people define themselves
- politically on the basis of who they see themselves
- as rather than on a serious examination of the issues.
- So, the summer of 1969, when I took this course in psychology.
- I believe that's when it was.
- I may be confusing dates and courses here,
- but my recollection is that that--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: It would be after freshman year.
- LARRY FINE: Yes, but such as when
- I took this course, whether it was in the fall
- or whether it was in the summer.
- But my recollection is that this course
- was taught by a man named Jay Efran, Dr. Efran.
- He was a short man with shockingly red hair, who
- was very funny and one of the most popular lecturers,
- professors, on campus.
- This course-- this particular course, the Psych 101 course,
- I think it was, or some other course that he taught that I
- took--
- I can't remember, again, which it was--
- was a very popular course.
- Let me just think whether it was that course or a different one
- that he taught.
- I don't remember exactly.
- Anyway, as often happens in these courses
- that people take around their freshman and sophomore year,
- students are asked to be guinea pigs in experiments,
- psych experiments.
- I think there's a standing joke about college sophomores
- being--
- psych experiments tell you all about college sophomores
- and about nobody else.
- But there was a call for volunteers
- for some kind of an experiment, and I volunteered.
- I don't remember what we were told about it.
- But it turned out to be some kind of experimentation
- about counseling methods.
- And as part of this experiment, students
- would receive one-on-one counseling with Dr. Efran,
- with a graduate student in the room as well.
- And we were never told what these methods were
- or what the experiment was about.
- But during the fall of my sophomore year,
- I attended these once-a-week counseling sessions
- with Jay Efran.
- And I talked about my loneliness.
- I did not talk about my sexuality at first.
- But I got a lot out of these sessions.
- And I know that one of the things Dr.
- Efran was working on around that time--
- and whether it was part of this experiment or not,
- I don't know--
- but it had to do with crying and helping people cry
- in order to loosen themselves up inside.
- And I became very good at crying.
- I could just walk in there and cry.
- I wish I could do that today.
- I can't anymore.
- But I became very good, almost too good, at crying.
- At some point in the fall, the experiment ended.
- But I was never told when it ended.
- All I knew was that the graduate student was no longer there.
- And there finally came a point when I asked,
- how long does this experiment go on?
- And Efran said, oh the experiment ended a while ago,
- but I kept you on in the counseling
- because I could see you were getting a lot out of it.
- So just out of the goodness of his heart he was doing this.
- There finally came a point where he asked me about sex.
- And today such a point would probably come much closer
- to the beginning of the counseling session than it--
- but back then--
- and I think he also sensed my reticence to talk about it.
- At one point he asked about it.
- And I remember saying, I don't want to talk about it.
- So of course that's a red flag right there that he knows
- he needs to talk about it.
- So he finally did ask me again, and at some point
- I got up the guts to tell him that I
- thought I was homosexual.
- I didn't know the word "gay."
- I didn't know anything about that.
- And this was the first time I'd ever told anybody.
- This was in the fall of 1969.
- And by the way, I knew nothing about Stonewall,
- which had just occurred during the summer of '69.
- I hadn't heard about it, knew nothing about it.
- Maybe it was on the news, but I hadn't seen it.
- So when I told him, I remember him
- asking me to repeat it, to say it several times,
- because it was so hard for me to get it out the first time.
- And then he told me that it was OK to be homosexual,
- which blew my mind.
- I kind of looked at him, I think, like he was crazy.
- So over the next several sessions we worked on that--
- on my talking about it, my being told it was OK,
- and things like that.
- I don't remember any more of the details of what
- he might have told me or not told me about other people,
- or I don't think he said anything
- about the gay movement.
- But I really am not sure.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Because what gay movement?
- He wouldn't have--
- LARRY FINE: He might-- he probably would not have--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: You lucked out.
- I mean, this highly informed mentor (unintelligible)--
- LARRY FINE: Let me tell you--
- I lucked out big time.
- Big time.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- LARRY FINE: Jay Efran had an enormous effect--
- a positive effect on my life for which I still think
- of him with gratitude today.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Absolutely.
- LARRY FINE: But it went further than that.
- At some point, as the fall, the winter and so on wore on,
- he realized that what I really needed next
- was to meet other gay people.
- And he knew one or two students who were gay.
- And he told me that he wanted to line up a meeting between me
- and some other gay students.
- And he said, "Please don't tell anybody that I'm doing this."
- He said, "This is not really allowed
- under my professional ethics, but it's
- exactly what you need."
- Which was amazing that he would do that.
- Of course now I can tell it forty years later.
- He wouldn't mind, I'm sure.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Nobody would, thank goodness.
- This is just the best time.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah.
- So he first arranged a meeting between me
- and a student who really wasn't that positive about being gay
- and was kind of cloaking it in bisexuality and all that.
- And I remember meeting him, and I came away,
- I think, a little disappointed in some way or feeling
- like this didn't do much for me.
- It was--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: It was very confusing.
- If you're confused and he's confused, it just--
- LARRY FINE: But also the guy wasn't all that likable.
- That was part of it.
- He wasn't someone I really want to be friends with.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: It happens.
- LARRY FINE: So then he lined me up with somebody else.
- This was toward the end of April, in 1970.
- This guy was a senior.
- I was a sophomore.
- This guy was about to graduate.
- He was a very handsome guy, very interesting guy,
- very involved in theater.
- In fact, he was a star in a play around that time
- that the U of R theater company was giving.
- And he had been to San Francisco and knew
- all about the gay movement.
- He also knew what was in Rochester as well.
- But he knew about the gay movement and all that.
- And I remember I met with him on April 28, 1970.
- It was one of the most important days of my life.
- And we sat and talked for a long time.
- And he told me all about the gay movement,
- about Stonewall, about San Francisco, and all of that.
- And it was unbelievable.
- Unbelievable.
- And everything kind of took off from there.
- That's what I needed.
- So my plan was that that summer I
- was going to go to San Francisco, the summer of 1970,
- and find out for myself what was going on.
- And the early part of the summer,
- however, I stayed in Rochester and took another summer course.
- I don't even remember now what the course was.
- But at some point during the summer,
- I met a man in Todd Union and ended up
- going home and having sex with him.
- And that was the first sex that I had.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: This was somebody from off campus, or--
- LARRY FINE: No.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Not a student?
- Or grad student?
- LARRY FINE: Well, I don't remember anymore
- why he was there.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Maybe he was there cruising.
- LARRY FINE: Maybe, but I don't remember.
- And it turns out it wasn't an especially good experience.
- He wasn't a very nice guy.
- He was also conflicted about his own homosexuality.
- And it was not a particularly loving sort of thing at all.
- It didn't do anything for me.
- Looking back now, I'm surprised I even had the gumption
- to approach him.
- And I'm not sure why I approached him or how--
- why I thought he might be gay even.
- I don't remember.
- But it just seems unlike me.
- Even unlike me today.
- Let's see.
- Oh, I remember now.
- I wasn't there that summer to take a course.
- I don't think I was taking a course.
- I was working at the library during the summer.
- That was when the new library was opening.
- And I was on a crew that was transferring
- all the books from a storage facility south of town.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Into the new--
- LARRY FINE: Into the new library.
- And I was the one who put all the books into the reference
- area.
- And I don't know if you ever knew a guy named
- Bradley, Brad Smith?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Absolutely.
- He was the reference librarian.
- LARRY FINE: He was the reference librarian.
- I got to know him a bit because of my being
- the person to put all the books in his shelves.
- I had also the previous year--
- or maybe it was the following year, I can't remember--
- during the year I had a job, a part-time job,
- working in the reserve reading room.
- So I was there until mid August doing this work.
- It was just grunt work.
- But it was enjoyable grunt work, I have to say.
- I remember my partner in this book thing
- was an art major or art history major,
- whose either first or last name was Carter.
- I can't remember-- very nice guy, cute guy.
- So I was there until August.
- I'm trying to remember the timeline now.
- But what I did thereafter--
- Let me backtrack a little bit.
- After this mind-blowing thing happened to me in April with
- this guy, whose name was Jeff, by the way.
- And I know his last name, but I'm not sure--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: We don't need to publicize that.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, well I found out later
- that he became a psychologist in Los Angeles.
- But I really had no contact with him
- again after a little bit in April and May.
- He graduated.
- And we actually made a tentative plan to meet on the West Coast
- when I was going to come out and do that,
- but to him I think I was just a kid.
- And not a particularly attractive
- kid either, to be honest.
- And he had no interest in me.
- And it ended up that I tried to find him
- when I went out to the West Coast
- but reached a dead end as far as the contact
- information he had given me, and I never saw him again.
- Too bad because he was really a major effect
- on my life through his--
- just being who he was.
- So I knew I needed to go out to San Francisco.
- I really didn't know where I was going to go,
- how I was going to find anything.
- However, in May, before the summer, after I had met him--
- In May, knowing what I knew then about gay liberation
- and knowing that I wanted to start a gay group at the U of R
- eventually, I put a two-line ad in the Campus Times
- anonymously, in May, that said--
- this is before the group started.
- This was in May of '70.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: '70.
- LARRY FINE: May of '70.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: OK.
- Because we can go and look.
- LARRY FINE: You can look if you want.
- I put a two-line ad, a classified ad,
- in the Campus Times that said something like,
- "Take heart brothers, gay lib is coming."
- That's all it said.
- Just out of my enthusiasm, I did that.
- And you go look.
- You'll find it.
- I assume it was in May because by June I think--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: School was over, yes.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah.
- And a few people saw that, I found out later, but didn't
- know what to make of it.
- There was no phone number or no contact info, nothing.
- And I remember doing it anonymously,
- putting the ad and my fifty cents in an envelope
- and dropping it in at nighttime in the Campus Times' mail slot.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Nobody should know.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- Nobody should know who wrote it or anything.
- But I checked, and it was there.
- Anyway, in the summer, after this stint with the library,
- I put a pack on my back and hitchhiked from Rochester
- to San Francisco.
- Now, back then, hitchhiking was--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: That was what kids did.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Kids did that--
- LARRY FINE: But again, you have to understand
- that I was a shy, timid kid.
- I'm a mixture of things.
- I mean like we all are.
- There's a lot of me that's very shy, socially very
- shy and timid about a lot of things.
- And yet there are times when I do
- things that blow people's mind, and blow my own mind,
- with the courage that it took to do that.
- My life is full of those kinds of things, where I--
- and people have mentioned that.
- They've said to me, "You know, you're so bold about this,
- and yet you're so timid about that."
- They can't quite put the two together.
- And I really am that way.
- So I hitchhiked.
- I got some book about hitchhiking or something,
- I remember, about tips about things and whatnot.
- And I think I may have used the Whole Earth
- Catalog to get some supplies of one sort or other
- that they recommended for hitchhiking.
- You remember the Whole Earth Catalog, I'm sure.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, yes.
- LARRY FINE: And I remember putting my thumb out
- on one of the major boulevards in Rochester
- that led to the freeway, or whatever,
- and hitchhiking all the way across country.
- And I met up with some other people here
- and there, fellow hitchhikers.
- And once I slept by the side of an interstate highway
- in St. Louis or something.
- I don't remember anymore, but various things--
- I somehow managed through it all.
- One of the--
- By the way, is this OK?
- Is this showing everything to be OK.
- Is there anything that's--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: As far as I know, yeah.
- Looks good to me.
- LARRY FINE: I just wondered if any of those lights
- meant low battery or anything like that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: No.
- LARRY FINE: OK.
- So one of the important things that
- happened to me on that trip was going
- through the middle of the country, which I had never
- seen before.
- The fields of wheat and grain of some kind or other
- in Kansas and Nebraska--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Goes on forever.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- But I had never seen that, and I loved it.
- And I wanted to return, and I eventually
- did, which I can mention later.
- But that was fascinating to me.
- And I've always been fascinated by parts of the country that
- seem to be very sparsely populated, which
- is what brought me to the desert many years later.
- Although Palm Springs is not sparsely populated,
- but I've always sought out places
- on the map that looked empty.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And certainly this
- is less crazy in terms of busy than, say, Florida
- at this time.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah.
- But I've also spent lots of time in remote parts of Utah,
- and New Mexico, and other places.
- So I hitchhiked across country.
- And I actually was fortunate to get
- one ride all the way from Denver to San Francisco,
- so that helped me a lot through that part.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: That helped.
- You bet.
- LARRY FINE: And in San Francisco,
- I had a place to stay in San Francisco
- that I had arranged ahead of time.
- One of the women who worked with me at the library
- had a friend in San Francisco and arranged
- for me to be able to stay there for a few nights
- until I found something.
- Just to show my naivete--
- I mean I was very naive, and I really didn't know who was gay
- and who wasn't--
- Settle down, Gershwin.
- Settle down.
- Leave us alone.
- OK?
- You want to come up here?
- Want to come up here?
- He doesn't know what he wants.
- Come.
- Up.
- I stayed at the home of these two men, who were apparently
- gay men.
- And I didn't know it the whole time I was there.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Nobody knew.
- There was no way that you would have.
- LARRY FINE: Well, I think they were probably partners.
- But here's the thing.
- I stayed at their house, and on their kitchen-- on their living
- room table was a copy of a Time magazine issue
- that talked about the Mattachine Society,
- about the gay movement, everything.
- It just happened to be--
- Now I don't know whether it just came out that week
- or whether it was from a few years ago and it had--
- But it was on there.
- And it was just by luck that I read that,
- and it told me where to go and what to do.
- Now, they may have planted it there for people to see.
- Maybe they sensed I was gay, and they put it out there.
- I have no idea.
- They also had a party while I was there.
- And I remember talking to one of the guys at the party who
- didn't know anything about me and at one point confiding
- in him that I was gay and why I was there.
- And I seem to recall that he had some--
- he may have had some sexual interest in me,
- and maybe I'd put him off or whatever.
- But I was somehow surprised at that.
- For all I know, the party may have been full of gay men.
- But I was completely oblivious to the fact
- that this was a gay household.
- I thought it was just somebody who
- was giving me a place to stay.
- I mean it blows my mind now that I could have been so naive.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: But that's--
- I would have been the same way.
- LARRY FINE: Well, maybe.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: it's just that it's so different today,
- when kids can look-- they see on TV constantly--
- LARRY FINE: I know, gay characters and everything else.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: --in the news.
- Or they can go online and stuff.
- It was just this big, who knew?
- LARRY FINE: Yeah.
- Back then it was so different.
- And anyone listening to this interview
- can get a sense of what it was like back then.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Absolutely.
- LARRY FINE: So I realize I haven't even
- gotten to the U of R really, to the GLF.
- This is all leading up to it, but for whatever it's worth--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: But it sets the time tone.
- This was our reality.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- So if I had not discovered this Time magazine article,
- I don't think I would have known where to go or what to do.
- But this magazine told the address of the Mattachine
- Society, for one thing, which was still in existence then.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes, very much so.
- LARRY FINE: It mentioned, I think,
- about the gay liberation movement
- but didn't give any kind of address or contact information.
- Anyway, as soon as I could after reading this,
- I went to the Mattachine Society office.
- And there were a couple of older men there.
- Now remember, I was twenty.
- And older means anything above twenty, twenty-five.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: If they were real old,
- they might have been forty, forty-five or something.
- LARRY FINE: I have no idea what age they were.
- So I talked a little bit to one man there,
- told him what I was looking for, and he
- was kind enough to tell me where some gay lib
- people were hanging out.
- They were in some warehouse somewhere.
- And I don't remember where it was, but some warehouse that
- was not too far away and that you had to, I don't know,
- say a certain thing or knock a certain way in order to get in.
- I mean that blows my mind now to think about that, but--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, but everything
- was all very underground, very sub rosa, hush-hush.
- LARRY FINE: It was, yeah.
- So I went to that, and I did the knock or the secret word
- or whatever.
- And they let me in.
- And the people there, I think they were mostly around my age
- or something like that.
- And I remember talking to some of them
- and then going up on the roof, I think, where there were
- some others and having a little sort of sexual tryst with one
- person.
- And then at some point, leaving there,
- I don't remember whether I had more contact with them
- or if they simply told me other things that I--
- other places to go.
- But I went to Berkeley at one point.
- And Telegraph Avenue was full of panhandlers.
- I remember every three steps.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Everything, Hare Krishna people, and--
- LARRY FINE: Everything.
- So in Berkeley, there was somebody who actually had
- a crash pad for people like me.
- Because in those days, there were
- a lot of people who were travelers and seekers,
- and there were lots of places which were crash pads, which
- just means temporary places to stay,
- who took in people and for nothing,
- or maybe for a contribution if you were fortunate enough
- to be able to make it.
- I think he was a professor, as I recall, at the University
- of California Hayward.
- I have a vague recollection.
- I think he was one of the better known names from the San
- Francisco gay liberation movement.
- But I don't remember his name anymore.
- And I stayed there a bit.
- And again, each place I stayed, people there
- told me about other places.
- And at one point I went to a coffeehouse
- that was called Five Squared Four
- Squared because it was 2516 something street or avenue.
- It might have been Telegraph, I don't know.
- But it was called the Five Squared Four Squared
- Coffeehouse.
- And I guess it was either a gay coffeehouse where
- they had some evening or day that was a gay day
- or something like that.
- And while I was there I met a man
- named Michael who was only about seventeen or eighteen years
- old.
- He was kind of a spaced out hippy, acid freak,
- or something, who had been booted out of his high school
- for being a little too spaced out.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: A little too much, even for then, yeah.
- LARRY FINE: And his parents lived in some suburb
- of San Francisco.
- And I remember going there to his parents' house with him.
- His parents were away.
- I never met his parents, I don't think.
- So I ended up having a little relationship with Michael.
- It was really not much more than a sexual relationship
- that dragged on for a long time because we really
- had nothing in common.
- I was a very kind of rational, upper middle class kid,
- and he was just a spaced out freak with long hair.
- And we really didn't have much to talk about,
- but I was attracted to him and he to me.
- And he ended up coming back to Rochester with me,
- believe it or not.
- But before that happened, while I was in San Francisco
- I got sick.
- I became very feverish.
- And as it turned out, I had come down
- with mono from one of my contacts
- there in San Francisco.
- And we got a ride all the way back to New York State,
- all the way back to Rochester, in a van
- with some other people.
- But I was ill the whole time.
- And so I came back with that illness,
- and eventually it passed.
- But just to go back a little bit further,
- just to return to my sophomore year for a moment.
- During my sophomore year--
- during your sophomore year, at that time,
- you had to make some plans for where you were
- going to live your junior year.
- And I got together with one or two people I knew
- and some people they knew, and we formed a suite
- to live in Anderson Tower--
- Anderson or Wilder Tower.
- And I don't know if people still do that today, or if that's--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, absolutely.
- That's still done.
- So you formed a suite.
- LARRY FINE: We formed a suite.
- There were five of us, perhaps.
- I can't remember the exact number, five people.
- And of course I was not out at that time.
- They didn't know anything about my being gay.
- So I was supposed to--
- There were several singles in the suite and a double.
- And I think I was supposed to share
- the double with another guy who didn't show up,
- or something like that, or he didn't come back to school.
- I don't remember now what happened there.
- But I ended up having the double all
- to myself, which was great because I had Michael with me
- that whole time.
- Eventually I had to tell my suitemates, who
- was this Michael who was there?
- What's he all about?
- And I came out to them all and said what it was--
- who he was.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- Were they cool?
- LARRY FINE: They were very cool about it, very cool.
- They were really wonderful people.
- I wish I could go back and thank them today.
- They were very, very good about it.
- There was one guy named Hal, who was pre med
- and eventually went on to be a doctor.
- And I think he may have even been at Strong for some time,
- Strong Memorial Hospital.
- And he was-- later on he became the head of the sex education
- committee.
- And he was a good ally for me in terms of U of R work.
- There was Ron, who I spoke to you about earlier.
- And all these guys were straight,
- but he was fascinated, I think, by the whole gay thing.
- He had a girlfriend he was very tight with and all that,
- but he was fascinated by all this.
- And he was--
- We palled around some, and he was very, very good to me
- and very nice.
- Although, I remember once, he was approached by another man
- and came running back all distressed to talk
- to me about it, all flustered.
- And I helped to calm him down.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: It's not catching.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, right.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: What do you do?
- You just politely and firmly say, "No.
- Not interested.
- Thank you."
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- And then I think that was a guy named George.
- I don't remember much about him.
- But all these people were very nice people,
- and they took it in good stride and were very nice about it.
- So Michael stayed until December, and--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And so when--
- was he still there when you initiated some of the meetings?
- LARRY FINE: Yes.
- And by the way, I didn't really initiate it.
- We'll get to that in a moment.
- I don't want to take credit for something that's not due me.
- But that whole semester I was--
- well, at the beginning of the semester, I was quite ill.
- And then the fever wore off, but I was still--
- with mono you're tired.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, you're tired.
- You're dragged out, yes.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- I was tired a lot.
- But then the next semester, the spring semester, I
- was no longer tired.
- But one of the things that happened, because of my illness
- I took a reduced course load of only two courses instead
- of four, which as soon as I felt better
- gave me time to do a lot of other things.
- So I'll get to that in a moment.
- But in October, or maybe the end of September,
- a notice appeared.
- And I don't know if it was in the Campus Times,
- or on a bulletin board in Todd, or where it was I saw it,
- but a notice appeared about this first meeting of the Gay
- Liberation Front.
- Now, as you know, the term Gay Liberation Front
- came from, I think, the Vietnamese Liberation
- Front and then Women's Liberation Front.
- It was part of all that leftist stuff
- that was going on at the time.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, everything was a Liberation Front.
- LARRY FINE: That's right, yeah.
- And I didn't know the people who were
- putting this thing together.
- Bob Osborn was the principle person.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: But he was a graduate student.
- LARRY FINE: He was a graduate student for astrophysics.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And not in your department
- as a psych major, so--
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- I didn't know him.
- And I guess I was perhaps surprised
- that there were other people doing this at Rochester.
- I thought I was going to start it at some point
- when I got better.
- So I went to the first meeting.
- It was in-- at that time Todd was the student union.
- And there was a room there, a large meeting room.
- I forget the name of it now.
- And he had reserved that room.
- And it was Bob, and there were one or two other people
- who were starting it with him.
- But they were off-campus people.
- One of them was a man named Buren Lawson.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes, we know Buren.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- Buren was a transsexual, I think, or something?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: I'll tell you later
- what all happened with him.
- LARRY FINE: OK.
- I don't remember exactly what he was, but he was--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: He was a mad thing.
- LARRY FINE: He was a swishy character, who--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: You betcha.
- Big, big guy, yes.
- LARRY FINE: He was big, yes.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Swishy with it.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- And I didn't really relate to him.
- Whereas Bob Osborn was anything but swishy.
- He was--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: --a regular guy-- very, very bright.
- LARRY FINE: --a regular guy-- very ramrod straight, I'd say.
- You could almost picture there was a pole up his backbone.
- And very rational, as you'd expect someone in astrophysics
- to be, very scientific and so on.
- Bob had been involved, apparently,
- in the Civil Rights Movement earlier on in the sixties.
- He might have gone down south on marches or whatever,
- and that's where he came out of.
- And all his speeches and talks related the gay movement
- to the black movement.
- And it was a little too preachy for me, but that was his style.
- And I think he also had with him at the first meeting
- someone from the Cornell group that had started in 1969.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Cornell was a hotbed of activism upstate.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- Now remember I had been to Cornell the summer
- before my freshman year.
- And I remember that SDS was starting then.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, yes, absolutely.
- And SDS was very active through this time period
- on the River Campus, particularly the history
- and English departments.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, right.
- So at this meeting, Bob laid out the rationale
- for the whole thing, a little bit of the history of what
- had gone on elsewhere.
- For the next several meetings-- he
- had agendas for the next several meetings
- of what the topics were going to be about in the rest of October
- and November.
- I think one meeting every week, or month, or something,
- I don't remember now.
- And of course I got involved as soon as I can.
- But I was not well, and so I have limited energy.
- So I wasn't as involved as I might have
- been for the first month or so.
- Eventually as I got better, I got more involved.
- And my friend Michael, as soon as it
- started to get cold in Rochester,
- he got his mother to send him a plane ticket back home.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Out of here, yes.
- LARRY FINE: And he left the first week in December.
- And we weren't really getting along that well by that time.
- But we had nothing in common.
- He was very critical of me for not being
- laid back enough basically.
- You know I was I was a pretty uptight kid.
- Still am.
- But anyway, he left and that was the last
- I ever saw or heard of him.
- Again, somebody who I would have liked to have found out what
- happened to him at least, even though there was really
- no basis for a continuing friendship.
- So I don't remember exactly when I
- started to really get involved, but I
- suspect it was about November.
- Because I knew certain things happened in December
- that I was very involved with, and I
- think I must have started being involved in November.
- But probably not--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: By that time you were probably
- feeling a lot better, and--
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- I was feeling a lot better.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: (unintelligible).
- LARRY FINE: So at some point along there--
- I think it was in November or December,
- somewhere around there--
- Bob Osborn went away to Texas for a few weeks.
- He then came back and then a few months later
- went away permanently, or permanently at least
- for that year.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: For an extended year.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- I think he went away permanently in February or March,
- but I don't remember exactly.
- But I think maybe in November or December
- he went away for a while.
- I could be off a little about those months, I'm not sure.
- But I started to get very involved.
- And one of the most important events of that time
- was that we put on a dance in December.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Of 1970?
- LARRY FINE: Of 1970.
- We put it on in conjunction with the U of R Women's Liberation
- Group.
- It was a joint venture.
- Although I think we did most of the work,
- and really I did most of the work.
- We also somewhere around that time
- got an office in Todd, in Todd Union.
- I don't remember exactly what month we got the office.
- It was on the second floor.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Upstairs on the second floor.
- Yes it was.
- Who helped you?
- How did you approach the administration?
- How was that able to come about?
- LARRY FINE: I don't remember exactly how we got--
- or who got-- the room, whether Bob made those arrangements
- or whether I did.
- But I just want to say a little more about my role
- and why my role came to be what it was.
- This was a River Campus organization.
- So even though there were people involved
- from Eastman and off-campus and everything,
- the students on the River Campus had to make the connections
- and had to make the arrangements.
- And there were only a few of us who were out enough to do that.
- It was basically Marshall Goldman, Patti Evans,
- and myself.
- And then there was Bob Osborn, but he was in and out
- of town and things like that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And busy as a grad student,
- working on finishing his dissertation.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- And of the three of us who were undergrads and so on,
- I was the one who had the most, you might say,
- administrative sensibility.
- I'm a great administrator.
- I'm good at-- some things I'm good at.
- Some things I'm not good at.
- I'm not very good at socializing,
- and I was kind of afraid of public speaking
- and a variety of things like that.
- But I'm really good at writing, and organizing,
- and administrative kinds of things, organizing projects.
- And I also had more time because I was on a reduced course load.
- So I just want to be careful not to set myself up
- as some big icon or leader.
- I was well suited to the task that needed to be done.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: The job was there.
- Somebody had to do it.
- You did it.
- LARRY FINE: Right.
- And I enjoyed doing these things.
- And I was good at it.
- And people respected me, and I was
- able to take somewhat of a de facto leadership position
- when Bob started to draw back.
- But there were other people who did lots of good things,
- and I don't want to diminish anybody else's role in this.
- Obviously I remember my own role best
- because we usually remember what we
- do more than what others did.
- But looking through the old issues of the Empty Closet,
- for example, I noticed that I completely
- had forgotten that there was a speaker's bureau
- that went out and spoke at other colleges and so on.
- I really didn't do much with that.
- I spoke at a couple of psychology classes
- at the U of R, including one that I was in.
- And--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: That took guts to--
- LARRY FINE: Maybe, but--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: --stand up.
- LARRY FINE: By that time--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: You felt, yeah--
- LARRY FINE: By that time I was feeling
- pretty good about things.
- This was in the fall sometime, I think, or the winter.
- But there were other people, including Karen Hagberg, and RJ
- Alcala, and a woman named Sue Minor, and some other people
- who did a lot of speaking in other places
- that I either didn't want to do or I think
- I had some fear of public speaking, to be honest,
- and I still do.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: A lot of people do.
- Public speaking is not for everybody.
- LARRY FINE: The funny thing is that I write really well.
- And I can write things that are very bold
- and are really out there, but speaking
- before a group is more difficult.
- I do it occasionally, but not very often in my current job.
- So during that time we were organizing the office.
- I actually at one point put together
- an organizational chart for the organization when I started
- to be doing a lot of things.
- I developed kind of an office routine, an office schedule
- of what would go on there.
- I organized the files and all those kinds
- of administrative things that I was good at.
- And at some point around then, maybe December or so,
- we started to put out the Empty Closet.
- I think the first issue may have been December or January.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: December.
- LARRY FINE: Was it December?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: December '70.
- LARRY FINE: Now I remember Bob helped out with that.
- He was around then.
- He had a friend in downtown Rochester
- who he knew from other leftist activities--
- I think someone who was not gay, but I'm not sure--
- who had a mimeograph machine or ran a printing
- press or something.
- And we would type these things out on stencils.
- You remember stencils?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes.
- It was a very, very old technology.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- We'd have to type it out on stencils,
- and bring the stencils to him, and he would print these on--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Crank it all out.
- LARRY FINE: Crank it.
- And then we'd bring all the sheets of paper
- back and collate them, and fold them, and staple them
- in the center and all that to produce these Empty Closets.
- Just going back, I wanted to get back to the dance
- that we did with the Women's Liberation Group.
- I have some stories to tell about that.
- I think it was a snowy evening.
- It was around--
- I'm going to say the date that comes back
- to me is around the sixth of December,
- but I don't know exactly.
- You can look that up easily enough.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Snow in Rochester in December?
- How could that ever be?
- LARRY FINE: And this was a very joyous occasion.
- For most of us this was the first time
- that we ever got to dance with people of the same gender.
- And that's kind of what it was about.
- The dance was very well attended.
- I forget how many people were there,
- but I think it was probably over one hundred.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Now was this--
- LARRY FINE: It was at--
- I think it was held in like the women's dining
- hall in what was known as the Frederick Douglass Building.
- Was that the Frederick Douglas Building?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: FDC, that was--
- No, that was the dining hall.
- That wasn't women's dining hall.
- That was up in the back of Susan B Anthony.
- The MDC, the Men's Dining Center,
- had a big lounge on the back on the main level.
- LARRY FINE: Maybe it was the MDC.
- You know, I don't remember.
- But again, this can be looked up.
- But it was in--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: We had-- over the next couple of years,
- sometimes the dancers were there, sometimes they were in--
- LARRY FINE: In the MDC?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes.
- In the MDC, this big lounge that was suitable, and then
- was all for--
- LARRY FINE: I remember you come in the front door
- and immediately to the right, there was a big--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes, exactly.
- LARRY FINE: Was that the MDC?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- The GLF used that for dances over the next couple,
- three years.
- LARRY FINE: So this was our first dance.
- And there were a lot of people there.
- And it was a very joyous occasion,
- and everybody had a ball.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Was it mixed?
- LARRY FINE: It was mixed men and women, gay and straight.
- And it was advertised to the whole campus,
- and of course some people came to see and whatever--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: --to look at the freaks.
- LARRY FINE: To look--
- Whatever, but in general--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: But mostly not.
- LARRY FINE: No, mostly not.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: People came to have a good time.
- LARRY FINE: We had a great time.
- Now, I want to tell a story connected
- with that I've never told anybody, at least
- not in many, many years.
- I might have said something to someone at that time.
- But there was a rather disturbing incident
- that happened, and I don't understand now
- why I never followed up on it.
- It's just something I don't understand.
- But in the weeks preceding the dance--
- Well, one thing that was fairly common with this gay movement
- that was going on is that there were a number of us
- who were very out.
- But then there were a number of other people
- from the community who wanted to help in some way
- or be associated, but were very much in the closet, older
- people in particular.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, yes.
- LARRY FINE: For example, there was
- one man who contacted me who was-- he
- didn't want to tell me what he did for a living.
- He was in his late thirties.
- But he befriended me, and we went out occasionally
- for drives in his car to talk about things.
- He eventually told me what he did.
- He was a Methodist minister and rather high up in the Methodist
- Church.
- And we became good friends for quite some time.
- We later lost contact, although I
- believe he's still good friends with somebody else
- who was around at that time who I am occasionally
- in touch with.
- But there were a number of people
- in the community who were in the background
- and could not come out but who still
- wanted to aid us in some way or be associated in some way.
- And I was a kind of a focal point because I was very out
- and my name was around.
- One of the people was a man named Earl who told me he--
- and I think it's probably true, although I never
- investigated it--
- was a police dispatcher for the police department in Rochester.
- And I remember going to his house at one point.
- And I would guess he was in his thirties or forties.
- I don't remember exactly.
- And he was a very nice guy, and befriended me,
- and came to the dance.
- At the end of the dance.
- It was probably midnight.
- And there was a lot of cash that was taken in at the dance.
- People paid to get in, whatever they paid.
- And I recall it was around three hundred dollars.
- We were unsure what to do with it.
- You know, three hundred dollars at that time
- was a lot of money, a lot more than it is today.
- And I didn't feel comfortable taking it back to my dorm room.
- And Earl suggested that he take it to his house
- and give it to his accountant, and his accountant
- would write us a check.
- Well, I let him do that.
- We never saw the money again, nor Earl.
- And he kept promising--
- I'd call him on the phone and he'd say, oh, yeah,
- my accountant's busy, or he's away, or this or that.
- And days went into weeks.
- And I should have reported it to the dean of students,
- and I never did.
- And I don't know why I didn't.
- Perhaps I was embarrassed about having given it to him.
- I don't know why.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Or just really apprehensive about any
- of the reaction.
- LARRY FINE: Perhaps I was apprehensive
- that they would find fault with what I did.
- I don't know why.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Well, or the organization as an excuse
- to terminate or to--
- LARRY FINE: I don't know why.
- But, whatever, I regret that now.
- And I never saw Earl again, and eventually I just gave up.
- I never told anybody about that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- But it's the sort of thing, it's the kind of slippery thing.
- LARRY FINE: Yes.
- And Earl had really befriended me a lot,
- and I had considered him a good friend.
- And then this, of course, ended that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, well that's very disillusioning.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, it is.
- There's still a part of me that would like to go look him up
- if he's even still alive--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Oh, he'd be a geezer.
- LARRY FINE: --and demand the money.
- I remember his last name as well.
- So that was the dance.
- And I also have a recollection at one point--
- and maybe this had to do with getting an office in Todd--
- but I don't remember.
- I remember going to speak to the dean of students,
- or an assistant dean of students,
- about the organization.
- Maybe we had to get permission to be an official organization.
- I don't remember ever having a faculty advisor for this.
- Perhaps we had to, but I don't remember who it was.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: So there was nobody who interacted with you
- or assisted?
- LARRY FINE: No, not--
- Now it's possible that I approached Jay Efran about it,
- but I don't--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: I think you would remember his--
- LARRY FINE: He never had any involvement with it.
- No, as a matter of fact--
- well, the year after I left Rochester,
- Jay left Rochester as well to go to Temple University, where
- he was there until he retired in Philadelphia.
- But I don't remember a faculty advisor.
- There may have been one, but I don't remember who it was.
- I do remember meeting with the dean of students,
- or the assistant dean, and having no difficulty with him
- at all.
- He was very receptive, very open to what we were doing.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: I'm trying to remember the name of the guy
- that I knew in the dean's office.
- Straight guy, but he was very hot.
- I remember that.
- God, was he hot.
- Yeah, and was really very nice, a nice person.
- LARRY FINE: We didn't have a lot of contact
- with the administration.
- And I was surprised how little pushback there was, of any kind
- from anybody.
- You might have expected that the administration would push back
- in some way because of fears of how it would look or whatever,
- but--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, it was really very hands off.
- The kids were treated very much as adults on the River Campus.
- LARRY FINE: Yes, really so.
- Matter of fact, there was a point
- at some point during the year I was actually asked
- by this dean of students to serve on a committee that
- was investigating how to deal with the increased
- amount of vandalism that was happening on campus.
- There were a number of vending machines in the tunnels that
- were being broken into.
- And one thing that you may recall is around that time
- Rochester, U of R, started to take in minority students who
- would not normally be able to qualify for admissions
- because they were underachievers.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, the State's Higher Education Opportunity
- Program was founded about that time.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, whatever it was called.
- And U of R was taking in people.
- I think people would come in during the summer
- to do some remedial work, and then they
- would be tutored or monitored in some way during the year.
- And in conjunction with that, we started
- to have a lot of vandalism, and there was some drug dealing
- and other things.
- And it was-- everybody knew why it was happening.
- And I'm not trying to say that all the people who came in
- were doing that.
- But I'm saying, when you take one,
- you have the other as well as part of it,
- and you have to deal with it.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: These are kids from--
- LARRY FINE: They're from inner city.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Disadvantaged backgrounds, most of them
- inner city.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, that's right.
- And I'm sure a lot of the kids, most of the kids,
- were probably great kids.
- And this may have helped them a great deal.
- And then there were some who got into trouble
- and who were bringing to Rochester whatever they
- left behind in the inner city.
- So anyway, we were having a lot of problems with vandalism,
- and a committee of students was brought together
- to figure out what to do about it.
- And I was asked to be on that committee.
- And I won't go into the workings of that committee.
- I eventually left the committee, but that's another story.
- But my point was that this dean of students
- saw me as someone-- he wanted to involve me
- in the mainstream of the campus as well.
- And so he obviously was positive about what we were doing,
- and that was my point.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: That's the message.
- LARRY FINE: Just trying to remember what
- I can remember of this time.
- Now, as I said, Bob Osborn had arranged
- all these various topics going forward for a couple of months.
- And then he was in and out of town and so on.
- And as far as the Empty Closet goes,
- we were trying to figure out what to call it.
- I actually had had the name, or someone
- had had the name Fag Rag, which actually became
- the name of another publication out of another city-- out
- of Boston, I think.
- But that was seen as not being a good name in part
- because it left out the women and in part
- because it was kind of derogatory.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, pejorative certainly.
- LARRY FINE: Pejorative yeah.
- So RJ had the idea of the Empty Closet.
- I think somebody may have said something about a closet.
- And then he said, how about the Empty Closet?
- And we took that name on.
- It was a good name.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: It is.
- Still is.
- LARRY FINE: I know, yeah.
- So, let's see what else to say--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Well, I'm thinking, how long
- then were you still there?
- Because you had told me that you were there
- through the spring and part of the summer of '71
- and then gone.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, several things happened.
- In the course of my work on gay liberation I corresponded--
- and correspondence was all by mail at that time.
- There was no email.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes, it was.
- LARRY FINE: I corresponded with several other groups,
- campus groups, or non-campus groups, around the country.
- There weren't very many.
- There were a dozen, maybe, at that time.
- But I corresponded with people of those groups
- to let them know about what we were doing
- and to get their newsletters and whatever else.
- And one of the people I corresponded with
- was in Denver.
- Let me just think why I was bringing this up.
- Well, actually I'm skipping ahead a little too much there.
- I ended up dropping out of college in April.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Of '71?
- LARRY FINE: April of '71, yeah.
- What happened was that with all this GLF work that I was doing
- an increasing amount of-- it was completely absorbing all
- my time--
- I came to the realization that I was
- getting so much more of an education out of my GLF work
- than of my coursework.
- And I was so bored with my coursework.
- I was taking courses in psychology and sociology,
- where gays were seen as being deviants and all that.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: And you knew better.
- LARRY FINE: Yeah, I knew better.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Because you knew them.
- LARRY FINE: And the real education I
- was getting in so many areas, not just
- psychology and sociology, but in history
- and the law and other things I was examining.
- I was giving myself an education in all of those areas.
- And schoolwork was just boring as all get out.
- And I just felt I could not continue.
- And so I told my parents I was dropping out.
- Of course I told them like a week
- after the cutoff point of where you
- could get your tuition back.
- My parents were a little bit irked.
- They said, "Why couldn't you have done this two weeks ago?"
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: (unintelligible).
- LARRY FINE: And I also told them simultaneously
- about my being gay.
- I had not told them all this time.
- The whole year basically I had pretended I
- was busy with other things.
- And frankly, they thought I was into drugs or something.
- They could tell that there was something not right about--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: There was something going on.
- At least this was better than drugs.
- LARRY FINE: That's right.
- My mother was very accepting, and that's
- when she told me about that thing with my psychiatrist
- from when I was eleven.
- My father was extremely unhappy.
- He was just beside himself.
- He eventually came around.
- And that's a whole other story, but--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: But that's also not atypical
- that mothers are better about it initially than fathers.
- And then after they have a chance to process this,
- hopefully they do.
- LARRY FINE: Well, my father was upset,
- I think, for two reasons.
- One is he thought it meant a horrible thing for me
- going forward.
- He didn't understand that there was--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: That this had really--
- was a release.
- It was such a positive uplifing--
- LARRY FINE: And he didn't at that time
- see the changes in society that would occur that would
- make it easier for me.
- So he was concerned for me.
- And also I think he was concerned
- about what the neighbors and the relatives would say.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Well, but also your career.
- What are you going to do without completing college?
- You need to (unintelligible)--
- LARRY FINE: Well, that's true.
- But besides the college, I'm talking about coming out.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah.
- LARRY FINE: Anyway--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yes.
- LARRY FINE: --my father eventually came around,
- but there were some tense times--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: I'm sure.
- LARRY FINE: --that went on for a year or two actually.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: I'm sure.
- LARRY FINE: Despite that, my father was always
- very cordial and generous.
- I really have to hand it to him that he was really
- a wonderful man.
- I mean he did love me, and he let that be his guide.
- So I dropped out of college.
- And I was able to continue staying
- in the dorms for a while, at least
- maybe until the end of the year.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: End of the semester, I think.
- LARRY FINE: At some point around May or so, I think, I
- left for a couple of weeks. (pause)
- I just don't recall now whether I left and went on a trip
- or if that happened later.
- There was some point at which I went
- on a trip, an automobile trip in which either I
- drove or somebody drove me.
- It wasn't hitchhiking.
- I think it was that spring, like in May or so.
- And I stayed with various gay groups
- that I had corresponded with.
- One I remember in Illinois, I think Carbondale, Illinois.
- The University of Illinois had one very early on.
- Then one in Lincoln, Nebraska, which
- also had one very early on because of opposition they
- had had to the group from one of the university regents.
- And then I went to Denver to meet
- this guy who I thought maybe I would get to know,
- and nothing came of that.
- And then I came back to Rochester.
- And I forget exactly when that happened, whether it
- was in May, or July, or what.
- My intention originally had been to stay in Rochester.
- And in fact, Bob Osborn helped me
- to find an apartment to rent in Rochester after I
- had to leave the dorm.
- I guess I was able to stay in the dorm
- until the end of the school year,
- but that would probably be until about the end of May?
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: End of May.
- LARRY FINE: So I tentatively put down a deposit on an apartment
- to Rochester, but I hadn't the faintest idea
- of what I was going to do--
- I mean get a job or what?
- But then, maybe it was after putting down the deposit,
- I went on this cross-country trip.
- Again, the sequence of events escapes me.
- But I was in Rochester for part of the summer.
- I was in Rochester, I think, until about the middle
- of August actually.
- In fact, if you look through the Empty Closets--
- I was looking through them, and I
- saw there was mention of me doing this or that in August,
- in July or August.
- One thing I did was I think I taped a radio broadcast that
- was going to be on some show.
- Yes, I did.
- And in fact, when I was leaving town in August,
- I think about the fourteenth or fifteenth of August,
- I think it was, I listened to the radio broadcast
- on the way out of town.
- And I think I was very disappointed, as I recall,
- because I think they left out some
- of the most important parts, like how
- to get in touch with the group.
- It was a radio interview.
- That's what it was.
- But I think the radio station may have left out parts of it.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: They probably were afraid of liability.
- LARRY FINE: They might have been afraid of liability.
- They might have consulted with the university
- and the university might have said--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Said, oh, we don't want people--
- LARRY FINE: Or something--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: --the wrong type of person finding out, yes.
- LARRY FINE: Something like that.
- I don't remember exactly, but I remember
- being disappointed-- listening to it and being disappointed.
- Things keep coming to my mind.
- So just going back a little bit.
- At some point during the spring, I
- think it was, I needed to go to the student government
- to ask for money for the group.
- And I don't remember whether it was for something very specific
- or just some general funds for office supplies.
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: Yeah, to run the office, to run the group,
- to plan--
- LARRY FINE: And I think I was asking them
- for several hundred dollars.
- And I had to meet before the student council
- or some governing group--
- BRUCE WOOLLEY: A committee.
- LARRY FINE: A committee of, I don't know,
- eight or ten people or so.
- And I think I went there with, perhaps, Patti Evans.
- I'm not sure, but it might have been Patti.
- It might have been Marshall.
- And to my surprise, there was some opposition.
- One of the points that was made was, well,
- a lot of people from off campus go to your meetings.
- Why should we fund this?
- And my answer was, well, you fund the Foreign Film
- Festival, or Foreign Film Society,
- or whatever it's called, and most
- of the people who come to that are from off campus.
- So that satisfied that objection.
- There were some other objections.